Hip Pain: More Than Just Arthritis
Hip pain is often dismissed as simply "arthritis" or attributed to old age, but the hip joint and surrounding structures can produce pain from a wide range of conditions. Many of which are highly treatable with physiotherapy.
Accurate diagnosis is the critical first step.
Research: A 2022 systematic review in the British Journal of Sports Medicine found physiotherapy-led hip rehabilitation programmes reduced pain by 48% and improved hip function scores by 40% across all age groups.
The hip is a ball-and-socket joint designed for both stability and mobility. It bears the body's full weight through each step and serves as the mechanical link between the lower limb and the spine.
Problems here affect walking, sitting, sleeping, and virtually every functional activity.
Common Causes of Hip Pain
Hip Osteoarthritis
The most common cause in patients over 50. Cartilage degeneration causes groin pain (the classic hip OA location), stiffness after rest, and progressive loss of internal rotation.
Physiotherapy strengthening and manual therapy can noticeably reduces symptoms and improve function — often delaying hip replacement by years.
Greater Trochanteric Pain Syndrome (Trochanteric Bursitis)
Pain on the outer hip and thigh, often worse when lying on the affected side or after prolonged walking. Caused by gluteal tendinopathy and bursal irritation.
A common misdiagnosis is " sciatica treatment " — but the distribution is lateral, not posterior. Responds excellently to physiotherapy loading programmes.
Hip Labral Tear
The labrum is a ring of cartilage around the hip socket. Tears cause groin pain, clicking, locking, and instability.
Common in young athletes involved in sports requiring hip rotation. Conservative physiotherapy is the first-line treatment; surgery reserved for refractory cases.
Femoroacetabular Impingement (FAI)
Abnormal contact between the femoral head and acetabulum during hip movement. Two types: cam (femoral head overgrowth) and pincer (acetabular overcoverage).
Causes groin pain with hip flexion. Physiotherapy focuses on movement pattern modification and hip muscle strengthening.
Piriformis Syndrome
The piriformis muscle (deep in the buttock) can compress the sciatic nerve, causing buttock pain that radiates down the leg. Distinguished from true disc-related sciatica by examination.
Responds well to piriformis stretching and gluteal strengthening.
Referred Pain from the Lumbar Spine
L3, L4, and L5 nerve root compression can refer pain into the hip and thigh. Differentiating lumbar from true hip pathology requires careful clinical examination — a key physiotherapy assessment skill.
Physiotherapy Treatment for Hip Pain
Strengthening
Gluteus medius and maximus weakness is central to most hip pain conditions. We prescribe progressive loading: clamshells, side-lying abduction, single-leg exercises, hip thrusts, and functional movement patterns.
Strong glutes protect the hip joint and correct the pelvic drop (Trendelenburg) gait that accelerates hip degeneration.
Manual Therapy
Hip joint mobilisation improves capsular mobility — particularly in OA and post-surgical stiffness. Soft tissue release for the hip flexors, piriformis, and IT band.
Lumbar mobilisation when spinal referral contributes to hip pain.
Gait Retraining
Abnormal gait patterns increase hip joint loading and perpetuate pain. We identify and correct Trendelenburg gait, excessive trunk lean, and foot progression angle abnormalities.
Book Your Hip Assessment in Faridabad
At Realign Rehab Clinic, NIT-5, Faridabad, we conduct thorough hip assessments to identify the exact source of your pain and create a targeted treatment plan. Book your consultation today.
Diagnosing Hip Pain: Getting the Cause Right
Hip pain is a common but complex presentation because many different structures in and around the hip can cause pain — and they require different treatment approaches:
- True hip joint pain (OA, labral tear, FAI): Groin pain, restricted internal rotation, pain with hip loading
- Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (trochanteric bursitis/gluteal tendinopathy): Outer hip pain, tenderness at the bony prominence, worsens with lying on the side or crossing legs
- Referred pain from the lumbar spine: Hip and buttock pain from L3/L4 facet or disc — hip range of motion typically normal
- Piriformis syndrome: Deep buttock pain with sciatic-like radiation
- Hip flexor strain: Anterior hip/groin pain, worse with hip flexion
- Stress fracture: Severe groin pain in athletes, worsens with activity, requires immediate imaging
A thorough physiotherapy assessment at Realign Clinic Faridabad differentiates these causes and directs appropriate treatment — essential for effective hip pain management.
Hip pain is one of the most satisfying conditions to treat when the diagnosis is correct. I see many patients in Faridabad who have been treated for "hip OA" for months when they actually have gluteal tendinopathy — a completely different condition requiring completely different treatment.
Getting the differential diagnosis right at the first assessment makes all the difference to outcomes.
Hip Pain Treatment Evidence
- ✦ Gluteal tendinopathy: exercise + load management outperforms injection at 12 months (JAMA 2018)
- ✦ Hip OA exercise therapy reduces pain by 35–50% (OARSI 2019)
- ✦ Manual therapy + exercise for hip OA produces clinically meaningful improvement in 80% of patients
Frequently Asked Questions — Hip Pain
Q: How do I know if my hip pain is serious?
Seek urgent assessment if hip pain follows trauma (possible fracture), if you cannot bear weight, if you have fever and hip pain (possible infection), or if pain is severe and constant without positional relief. In athletes, severe groin pain that worsens with activity should be assessed for stress fracture.
Most hip pain is not urgent but merits timely physiotherapy assessment to identify the cause and begin appropriate treatment.
Q: Is hip pain always from the hip joint itself?
Lumbar spine problems commonly refer pain to the hip and buttock region. Greater trochanteric pain syndrome (outer hip pain) is not from the hip joint at all — it originates from the tendons attaching to the outer thigh bone.
Accurate differential diagnosis is essential. At Realign Clinic, we use specific clinical tests to determine the exact structure causing hip pain before designing a treatment programme.
Book Hip Pain Physiotherapy in Faridabad
Call +91 9818185589. Realign Rehab Clinic, NIT-5, Faridabad. Expert hip pain assessment and treatment. Also see: osteoarthritis treatment.
References
- Mellor R et al. (2018). Education plus exercise versus corticosteroid injection for greater trochanteric pain syndrome. JAMA, 320(18):1824–1835.
Content reviewed by Dr. Vaishali Suri (P.T.), BPT Orthopedics, MIAP.
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