Knee Bursae and Bursitis

Bursae are fluid-filled sacs that cushion bones, tendons, and muscles near joints. The knee has approximately 11 bursae, of which several commonly become inflamed.

Common Types

Prepatellar bursitis (Housemaid's Knee): swelling directly over the kneecap from repetitive kneeling. Infrapatellar bursitis: pain just below kneecap. Pes anserinus bursitis: inner knee pain, common in obese patients and distance runners.

Physiotherapy Treatment

Activity Modification

Reducing or eliminating activities causing repetitive bursa trauma: knee pads for kneeling trades, modifying running, reducing stair climbing.

Electrotherapy

IFT, therapeutic ultrasound, and laser therapy reduce bursal inflammation and pain. Ice application provides additional anti-inflammatory benefit.

Addressing Contributing Factors

For pes anserinus bursitis: tight hamstrings and hip adductors increase tendon tension. Stretching and addressing valgus knee alignment reduces ongoing bursal stress.